Western Governors University (WGU) ICSC2211 D684 Introduction to Computer Science Practice Test

The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) is a crucial component of the von Neumann architecture and is primarily responsible for performing all the mathematical calculations and logical operations that a computer executes. This includes fundamental operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of numerical data, as well as logical operations like comparisons (greater than, less than, equal to).

The ALU processes data and executes instructions provided by programs, making it essential for computation. Its ability to perform these operations directly affects the overall performance of the system, as nearly all tasks—from running applications to processing transactions—rely on these basic arithmetic and logical operations.

While storing data is a function of other components, such as memory, sending output to devices involves the output unit, and controlling memory access relates to the control unit, the primary role of the ALU is specifically tied to arithmetic and logic operations. Thus, choice detailing the ALU's mathematical and logical operations accurately reflects its primary function within the architecture.