How is a linked list data structure defined?

A linked list is defined as a collection of elements where each element, typically called a node, contains data and a reference (or a pointer) to the next node in the sequence. This structure allows linked lists to have flexible sizes, enabling efficient insertion and deletion of items, particularly at any position within the list, without the need for shifting elements as is necessary in an array. Because each node links to the next, it forms a chain-like sequence, which can grow or shrink dynamically as nodes are added or removed.

This characteristic distinguishes linked lists from other data structures like arrays, which have a fixed size and require contiguous memory allocation. Additionally, while some other structures, such as tables or fixed-length data sets, are more suited for different types of operations and storage methods, the linked list specifically excels in scenarios where frequent modification of the list is needed. Therefore, the defining features of linked lists make option B the accurate choice.