In computer science, what does 'networking' refer to?

Networking in computer science fundamentally refers to the practice of connecting computers and other devices to facilitate resource sharing and communication. This can involve various types of connections, whether wired or wireless, and enables devices to exchange data, share files, access the internet, and utilize various services offered over the network.

The concept of networking encompasses a wide array of technologies and protocols that govern how data is transmitted over these connections. It serves as the backbone for modern communication, supporting both local area networks (LANs) in small environments and wide area networks (WANs) that might span across cities or even countries. Networking allows for teamwork, remote access to information, and various forms of collaboration, which are crucial in both personal and professional contexts.

The other choices address different concepts. Storing data in a cloud relates specifically to cloud computing, which involves data storage and management rather than the broader scope of networking. A type of software development methodology pertains to how software is designed and produced, which is outside the domain of networking. A communication protocol for internet access, while related to networking, specifically focuses on the rules that enable data exchange but does not fully capture the overall concept of networking itself.