What is the process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large amounts of data called?

The process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large amounts of data is referred to as data mining. This technique involves using algorithms and statistical methods to explore and analyze large datasets in order to identify trends, correlations, and useful information that may not be immediately apparent. Data mining combines various fields such as machine learning, statistics, and database systems to extract insights that can influence decision-making and strategy.

In contrast, data analysis usually refers to a more general examination of data with the goal of extracting meaningful information, but it does not necessarily involve the extensive exploratory aspect that data mining embodies. Information retrieval focuses specifically on obtaining information from a data repository, often related to searching and retrieving documents from databases or the web. Data processing, on the other hand, pertains to the transformation of raw data into a more meaningful format, which may or may not involve pattern discovery.